Collaborative Maintenance  A Distributed, Interactive
Case-Base Maintenance Strategy

Maria Angela Ferrario and Barry Smyth

Smart Media Institute, Department of Computer Science, University College Dublin
Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
{maria.ferrario,barry.smyth}@ucd.ie



Abstract. Case-base maintenance is an important emerging issue for
case-base reasoners as they scale-up to handle real-world problems in
unstable environments. Overtime the contents of a case-base may
become out-of-date or inconsistent with the current target problem
space, and maintenance strategies must be devised to help recognise
and repair these problems, by deleting, adding, or modifying cases, for
example. In this paper we describe a maintenance framework called
collaborative maintenance (CM), which has been designed to facilitate,
monitor, and control the incremental up-date of live, dynamic case-bases. 
Our approach is novel in that it automatically supports a
distributed, interactive maintenance process  users are permitted to
recommend case updates and the collaborative maintenance process
ensures that these recommendations are properly reviewed and
actioned.
References

1.	Aha, D. W and Breslow, L. A. (1997) Refining Conversational Case Libraries.
Proceedings. Int. Conf. Case-Based Reasoning, Providence, RI, USA, pp.267-
278.
2.	Basu, C., Hirsh C., Cohen, W. (1998). Recommendation As Classification: Using
Social and ContentBased Information. Proceedings of the Workshop on
Recommendation Systems. AAAI Press, Menlo Park California.
3.	Bonzano, A., Cunningham, P., and Smyth, B. (1997) Using Introspective
Reasoning to Improve Retrieval in CBR: A Case-Study in Air Traffic Control.
Proceedings of the Second Internation Conference on Case-Based Reasoning.
Springer-Verlag, 291-302.
4.	Borron, J., Morales, D., and Khlar, P. (1996) Developing and Deploying
Knowledge on a Global Scale. Proceedings of the 13th Natinal Conference on
Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 2. AAAI Press, 1443-1454.
5.	Belew, R. K., Hatton, J. (1996) RAVE Reviews: Acquiring Relevance
Assessment from Multiple Users. Machine Learning in Information Access.
AAAI Spring Symposia.
6.	Ferrario, M. A. and Smyth, B. (1999) Collaborative Maintenance. Proceedings
of the Irish Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science. Cork,
Ireland.
7.	Ferrario, M. A., Waters, K., Smyth, B. (2000) Collaborative Maintenance in
Ulysses. Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Adaptive Hypermedia.
Trento, Italy.
8.	Fox, S. and Leake, D. B. (1995) Using Introspective Reasoning to Refine
Indexing. Proceedings of the 14th Int. Joint Conf. on Artificial Intelligence,
Montreal, Canada, 1995, pp. 391-397.
9.	Hill, W., Stead, L., Rosenstein, M., and Furnas, G. (1995) Recommending And
Evaluating Choices in aVirtual Community of Users. Proceeding of CHI 95,
Denver, Colorado, USA.
10.	Hk, K., Rustrm, ., Waern, A. (1997) Edited Adaptive Hypermedia:
Combining Human and Machine Intelligence to Achieve Filtered Information.
Proceedings of Flexible Hypertext Workshop, in conjunction with The Eight
ACM International Hypertext Conference 97. Southampton, UK.
11.	Leake, D. B., and Wilson, D. B. (1998) Categorizing Case-Base Maintenance:
Dimensions and Directions. Proceedings of the 4th European Workshop on Case-Based 
Reasoning, Springer-Verlag, 196-207.
12.	Leake, D. B., and Wilson, D. B. (1999) When Experience is Wrong: Examining
CBR for Changing Tasks and Environments. Proceedings of the 3rd International
Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, Springer-Verlag, 218-233.
13.	Maltz, D. and Ehrlich, K. (1995) Pointing The Way: Active Collaborative
Filtering. Proceedings of CHI 95, Denver, Colorado, USA.
14.	McKenna, E. and Smyth, B. (In Press) Visualising the Competence of Case-Based 
Reasoners. Journal of Applied Intelligence: Special Issue on Interactive
Case-Based Reasoning.
15.	Meltsner, K. J. (1997) Opportunities for AI applications in Knowledge
Management, AAAI Spring Symposium Artificial Intelligence in Knowledge
Management Stanford University, USA.
16.	Munoz-Avila, H., Hullen, J. (1996) Feature Weighting by Explaining Case-Based
Planning Episodes. Proceedings of the 3rd European Workshop on Case-Based
Reasoning. Springer-Verlag, 280-294.
17.	Perkowitz, M., and Etzioni, O. (1998) Toward Adaptive Web Sites: Conceptual
Framework and Case Study. Proceedings for Second Workshop on Adaptive
Hypertext and Hypermedia in Hypertext98. Pittsburgh, USA.
18.	Racine, K. and Yang, Q. (1997) Maintaining Unstructured Case Bases. Case-Based 
Reasoning Research and Development. Proceedings of the 2nd Int.
Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, Providence, RI, USA, pp. 553  564.
19.	Shardanand, U. and Maes, P. (1995) Social Information Filtering: Algorithms for
Automating Word of Mouth. Proceeding of CHI 95, Denver, Colorado, USA.
20.	Smyth, B. (1998) Case-Based Maintenance. Proceedings of the 11th Int.
Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Al and Expert
Systems, Castellon, Spain.
21.	Smyth, B. & Cotter, P. (1999) Surfing the Digital Wave: Generating
Personalised Television Guides using Collaborative, Case-based
Recommendation. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Case-based
Reasoning. Munich, Germany.
22.	Smyth, B. & Keane, M. T.: Remembering to Forget: A Competence Preserving
Deletion Policy for Case-Based Reasoning Systems. Proceedings of the 14th
International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Morgan-Kaufmann.
(1995) 377-3 82
23.	Smyth, B. and McKenna, E. (1998) Modelling the Competence of Case-Bases.
Proceedings of the 4th European Workshop on Case-Based Reasoning, Springer-Verlag, 
208-220.
24.	Smyth, B. and McKenna, E. (1999) Building Compact Competent Case-Bases.
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Case-based Reasoning.
Munich, Germany, pp. 329 - 342.
25.	Ungar, L. H. and Foster, D. P. (1998) Clustering Methods For Collaborative
Filtering. Proceedings of the Workshop on Recommendation Systems. AAAI
Press, Menlo Park California.
26.	Watson, I. (1997) Applying Case-Based Reasoning: Techniques for Enterprise
Systems, Morgan-Kaufmann.
27.	Zhang, Z., Yang, Q. (1999) Dynamic Refinement of Feature-Weights in CBR
Using Quantitative Introspective Learning. Proceedings of the International Joint
Conference in Artificial Intelligence 1999.
28.	Zhu, J. and Yang, Q. (1999) Remembering to Add: Competence Preserving Case-Addition 
Policies for Case-Base Maintenance. Proceedings of the 16th
International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Stockholm, Sweden, pp.
234-239.
